Internal-combustion engine



L. L.TURNEY. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY ZZ 1920.

Patented Sept. 5, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHIEET 1.

L. -L. TURNEY. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 22.1920. 1,427,984, Patented Sept. 5, 1922.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Illl!!! L. L. TURNEY. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

- APPLICATION FILED JULY 22,1920.

Patented Sept. 5, 1922. I 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- KN 51mm H N 1 1!) mm Q mm. QQ Q M. G 1 MM Rh A 25::

Patented Sept, 5, 11922,

L. TUMEY, 0F MINNEAPOLIfi MINNESOTA.

rurannst-consusrron enema.

Application filed July 22, 1920. Serial No. 398,161.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, LEE lL. TURNEY, a citizen of the United States, andresident of Minneapolis, in the county of Henne in and State ofMinnesota, have invente a certain new and useful improvement inInternal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a full, clear,concise, and exact.

ing it much safer to use than is the ordinary engine of this generalclass, wherein the several parts of the engine hereinbefore mentionedare exposed.

A salient feature of the present invention is the provision of meanswhereby I am enabled easily and securely to retain the fly-wheel of theengine upon and in driven relation to its associated crank shaft.

Other features of novelty will appear as the foliowing descriptionprogremes.

In the accompanying drawings illustrating my invention Figure 1 is alongitudinal vertical sectional view of an engine embodying theimprovements of my invention, this view being taken on the line 1-*-1 ofFigure 2.

Figure 2 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Figure1.

Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the engine with the side coverplate of the crank case removed, this view illustrating certain parts ofthe charge-forming mechanism in'section, the view being taken on theline 3-3 of Figure t.

Figure 4 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 4% of Figure3.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary detail View taken on the line 5--5 of Figure2.

Figure 6 illustrates a modified connection,

between the fly wheel and crank shaft that ma be employed if desired.

imilar characters of reference refer to similar parts throughout theseveral news.

The engine ofmy invention comprises the cylinder 10, jacket 11, hopper12, and crank case 13, all preferably cast in one piece, as

shown. At 14 is shown the water-cooled cylinder head which carries theusual spark plug, the suction operated intake valve 15 and themechanically operated exhaust valve 16. The crank case comprises oneside wall 13" which forms part of the one piece'casting hereinbeforementioned, this side wall being provided with a crank shaft bearing asclearly shown in Figure 2. On its opposite side that portion of the onepiece casting which constitutes the crank case is provided with anopening through which the crank shaft and its associated mechanism maybe inserted, this opening however being closed by a removable side coverplate 17 which is bolted to a plate 18 which in turn is bolted to thecrank case casting as shown in Figure 3. The plate 18 comprises anannular rim and a web 18 which provides bearings for the crank shaft,and which also supports the magneto 19, the exhaust valve timing gear20, and the'centrifugal governor mechanism indicated as a whole by thereference numeral 21. It will be noted that the cover plate 1? isprovided with a central opens mg 22 through which a crank may be in- 1sorted to start the engine, this opening, however, being provided with ahinged closure plate 23.

The crank shaft illustrated at 24 has its trunnion portions carried inthe bearings afforded by the fixed and removable crank case sides aspreviously explained. That trunnion'which extends through the fixedcrank case side 13 is provided with a pulley 25 which is slipped overthe end of the crank shaft and is rigidly held in position in anysuitable manner.

Dis osed immediately adjacent the crank case side 13* is the fly-wheel26 which is retained upon and-in driven relation to the crank shaft bynovel means now to be explained... Because of the construction of myengine and the disposition of its several parts, it is impractical toattach the fly wheel to the crank shaft b Woodruff or other key of t etypes comused for this purpose. It will be monl noted that one of thecrank portions lies immediately adjacent the right side of the flywheel(Fig. 2) and that this crank portion isprovided with a slot which is cutthrough the said crank portion and along that per means of a tion of thecrank shaft journal whereon the fly-wheel is fitted. This slot registerswith a slot in the inner surface of the fly-wheel hub. A key 27 isdriven into these registering slots from the right (Fig. 2) and ispreferably held against displacement by peening the metal of the crankportion over the end of the key as is clearly shown in Figures 2, 1, and5. This arrangement constitutes a very effective means for securing thefly-wheel to the crank shaft and is of particular advantage in theengine of my invention because of the fact that the key is accessiblefrom the right face of the flywheel (Fig. 2).

The piston 28 is operatively connected with the crank shaft by pistonrod 29 and while generally speaking the construction of these parts andthe manner of their connection may be conventional, I prefer to providethe piston with a duct 30 which leads inwardly from a recess 31 formedin the outer surface of the upper portion of the piston to the end thatoil collected; in said recess, as the piston reciprocates, may drop downby gravity into a recess 29 in the piston end of the piston rod fromwhence it passes inwardly to a suitable duct to lubricate the piston pinbearing. The cylinder is conveniently supplied with lu-' bricant from asight-feed oil cup indicated at 32.

The magneto 19 is bolted or otherwise rigidly secured upon the plate 18at a point directly above the crank shaft bearing and the magnetoarmature shaft is provided with a spur gear 33, which meshes with a gear34 keyed upon the crank shaft at a tegral with the cam 35 which in turncooperates-with a follower roller 36 provided at one end of the exhaustvalve'operating rocker arm 37. The rocker arm extends through an openingin and is pivoted to the crank case and has its exposed end disposeddirectly under the exhaust valve stem, so that movement imparted to therocker arm at the proper time in the engine cycle may cause appropriateoperation of the exhaust valve. A spring 38 interposed between therocker arm and the under side ofthe cylinder jacket normally holds thefollower roller 36 in engagement with'its co-operating cam 35. plied tothe right hand vcrank shaft bearing (Fig. 2) and to the bearin of gear20 through suitable passages. leading from grease cup 39, while the lefthand crank shaft bearing (Fig. 2) is supplied with lubricant from agrease cup 40. Access to the several parts contained within the crankcase may be had through an opening 41, which is normally closed by acover plate Lubricant is supf 43. The cover plate 43 is normallyremovably held in position by any suitable means, as, for instance, bythe sprin arm 42. These spring arms when disposed transversely of theopening 41 hold the cover in position, but may be turned longitudinally.of the opening to permit ready removal of a fuel supply tank, afragment of which is shown at 48. This tank is preferably of the flat,shallow type. and'is ordinarily disposed between the parallel beamswhereon this type of engine is ordinarilv mounted. The supply ofcombustible mixture from the induction passage to the combustiblemixture-intake 49 is controlled by a reciprocating throttle valve 50.The throttle valve 50 is provided at that end thereof .nearest the fuelport with a V-shaped notch which extends through an opening in the crankcase and is attached to one end of a bell crank lever 53, mounted at 54upon a shaft carried by the plate 18. A spring 55 acting between thesmall arm of the bell crank and an adjusting screw 56 carried by theremovable plate 17, normally urges the bell crank in a counter-clockwisedirection (Fig. 4). This tendency of the spring 55 is however normallyoffset by the spring 57 associated with a governor plunger 58. When theengine is operating, the governor weights 59 59 determine the positionof the plunger 58, increasing the compression of the spring 57 as theengine speed increases and thereby permitting the smaller spring 55 tohold the bell crank 53 and its connect ed throttle valves in suchpositions that the pre-determined speed of the engine is maintained. I

It will be noted that the magnetoand its timing gear as well as theexhaust valve operating gear and the governor mechanism are mounted uponand removable with the plate 18. By reason of the fact that the devicefor attaching the fly-wheel to the crank shaft is accessible on thatside of the flywheel next adjacentthe crank, it is possible for me todetach and remove the crank for inspection, replacement or repair,without wheel next adjacent the crank and is securely held in positionupon the fly-wheel by the nut 61. The pin engages in a recess in theadjacent face of its associated crank portion when the crank shaft andfly-wheel are assembled, as shown in Figure 6. This engagement of thepin 60 with the crank affords a very effective driving connectionbetween the crank shaft and fly-wheel and affords practically the sameadvantages-as have been ascribed to the form of fly-wheel connectionillustrated in Figures 2 and if desired, the crank portion with whichthe pin 60 co-o'perates may be provided with a s screw 62 which may betightened down upon the pin prevent axial movement of the crank shaftindependent of the fly-wheel. The set screw is, of course, readilyaccessible through the top of the crank case.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim is new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a crank case closedon one side and. open on the other side, magneto, governor and valveoperating mechanism, a plate for said open side providing means formounting the magneto, governor and valve-operating mechanism, a crankshaft in said crank case mounted in said plate at one end and in theclosed side of the crank case at the other end and extending through thesaid closed side to. provide means for driving attachment, a fly wheelin said crank case mounted on said crank shaft with one face thereoflying adjacent a cheek of the crank portion-of said crank shaft,registering slots in said crank cheek and the hub of said fly wheel, akey having a driven-fit in said slots and having its outer end lyingadjacent the outer endjof the slot in said crank cheek, the metal ofsaidcrank cheek being peened over the outer end of the key to preventdisplacement thereof.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a crank caseclosed on one-side and open on the other'side, magneto, governor andvalve operating mechanism, a plate for said open side providing meansformounting the magneto, governor and valve-operating mechanism, a crankshaft in said crank case mounted in said plate at one end and in theclosed side of the crank case at the other end and extending through thesaid closed side to provide means for driving attachment, a fly wheel insaid crank case mounted on said crank shaft with one face thereof lyingadjacent a cheek of the crank portion of said crank shaft, registeringslots in said crank cheek and the hub of said fly wheel, a key having adriven fit in said slots and having its outer end lying adjacent theouter end of the slot in said crank cheek, the end of the slot in saidcheck adjacent the end of the key being closed to prevent displacementof the key.

3. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a crank caseclosed on one side and open on the other side, a plate for said openside, a crank shaft journaled in said plate and the closed side of saidcrank case and removable transversely of the crank case when said plateis removed, a wheel in said crank case mounted on said crank shaftbetween the closed side of said crank case and a cheek of the crank,registering slots in said crank cheek and the hub of said fly wheel, akey fitting in said slots and having'its outer end lying adjacent theouter end of the slot in said crank check, the metal of said crank cheekbeing peened over the outer end of the key to prevent displacementthereof.

a. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a crankcaseclosed on one side and open on the other side, governor and valveoperating mechanism for said engine, a plate for said open sideproviding means for mounting the governor and valve operating mechanism,a crank shaft in said crank case mounted in said plate at one end and inthe closed side of the crank case at the other end, a fly wheel in saidcrank case mounted on said crank shaft with one face thereof lying adjacent a check of the crank portion of the crank shaft, and means adaptedto interlock the crank cheek and fly wheel to afi'ord adriving'connection between the crank shaft and flv wheel. I

In witness whereof, l hereunto subescribe my name this 17th day of July,1920.

LEE L. TURNE Y.

Witnesses:-

E. A. Mon, CHAs. J. MILLER.

